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UNFCCC
Beim Weltklimagipfel 2022 in Scharm el-Scheich verhandeln die Staaten über die Zukunft unseres Planeten. Vom 7. bis 18. November geht es bei der COP 27 etwa um die praktische Umsetzung des Kohle-, Gas- und Ölausstiegs, der im Klimapaket von Glasgow bei der letzten Klimakonferenz 2021 beschlossen wurde. Die Helmholtz-Klima-Initiative begleitet die Klimakonferenz mit Hintergründen und aktuellen Informationen sowie einer Expert:innenvermittlung.
Helmholtz at the COP
On Nov. 14 at 11:30 a.m., the Institute For Advanced Sustainability Studies (IASS), together with Helmholtz scientists, will host a so-called side event on "Innovative communication formats for mobilizing climate action." Read more here.
At the 2022 World Climate Summit in Sharm el-Sheikh, countries will negotiate the future of our planet. From November 7 to 18, COP 27 will focus on the practical implementation of the phase-out of coal, gas and oil, which was agreed in the Glasgow climate package at the last climate conference in 2021. The Helmholtz Climate Initiative is accompanying the climate conference with background and up-to-date information as well as an expert service.
1972
United Nations Conference on the Human Environment
The first major United Nations conference on global environmental issues, held in Sweden, marks a turning point in the development of international environmental policy. The participating countries adopt the Stockholm Declaration. One of its principles: “The natural resources of the earth, including the air, water, land, flora and fauna and especially representative samples of natural ecosystems, must be safeguarded for the benefit of present and future generations through careful planning or management, as appropriate.”
1987
Adoption of the Montreal Protocol
Along with the 1985 Vienna Convention, the Montreal Protocol for the protection of the ozone layer is regarded as the first international environmental agreement. It bans chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and other substances that damage the ozone layer. The climate also benefited from this, because some of the substances that are now banned not only destroy the ozone, but also have a high global warming potential: They can retain heat in the atmosphere and thus contribute to the global rise in temperature.
1988
Founding of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)
The World Meteorological Organization and the United Nations Environment Programme resolve to establish the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), a scientific committee under the auspices of the United Nations. Its mission is to provide objective information on the causes of climate change and their potential impact on the environment and society.
1990
First Assessment Report by the IPCC
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) presents its First Assessment Report. It describes climate change as a challenge that demands international cooperation. The IPCC plays a key role in establishing the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).
1992
Rio de Janeiro summit: United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
Adoption of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC): The industrialized countries set the first binding targets for reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
1995
UN Climate Change Conference (COP 1) in Berlin
The parties to the UNFCCC convene the first UN Climate Change Conference, where they aim to negotiate more ambitious commitments to further reduce greenhouse gases since the UNFCCC commitments are not enough to meet the climate targets. With the Kyoto Protocol adopted at COP 3, countries achieved this goal.
1997
UN Climate Change Conference (COP 3) in Kyoto: adoption of the Kyoto Protocol
The Kyoto Protocol is the first treaty worldwide to obligate its signatory industrialized countries to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, by at least 5.2 percent annually compared to 1990 levels. It is set to come into effect in February 2015, but without the United States and China.
2010
UN Climate Change Conference (COP 16): Cancún agreement
The EU countries commit to the two-degree target. The agreement calls for the establishment of a climate fund, with the industrialized countries providing a total of 30 billion dollars through 2012 to assist poorer countries in dealing with the effects of climate change. Annual aid is to reach 100 billion dollars from 2012 to 2020.
2011
UN Climate Change Conference (COP 17) in Durban
The Kyoto Protocol is extended. In addition, the states commit to negotiating a new climate agreement, to be adopted in Paris in 2015. Unlike the Kyoto Protocol, the USA, China and India are to be included in this new agreement. They had not signed the Kyoto Protocol or, as non-industrialized countries, had no reduction obligations.
2015
UN Climate Change Conference (COP 21) in Paris
The Paris Agreement on combating climate change is the first general, legally binding global climate change mitigation treaty. For the first time, the targets also apply to developing and newly industrialized countries. It commits signatory states to limiting global warming to less than 2°C and to make efforts to limit the increase to 1.5°C. The agreement also addresses adaptations to climate change and assistance for developing countries. Plans for the reduction of greenhouse gases are left up to the individual countries.
2019
UN Climate Change Conference (COP 25) in Madrid
The EU presents its Green Deal in Madrid, promising to become climate-neutral by 2050. However, many states remain reluctant to commit to new climate targets, and no progress is made on long-term climate funding for poorer countries.
2021
UN Climate Change Conference (COP 26) in Glasgow
In Glasgow, the states complete the rulebook for implementation of the Paris Agreement. Two parts are still pending: rules on uniform recording and transparent reporting of greenhouse gas reductions, and on international trade in emissions certificates.
2022
UN Climate Change Conference (COP 27) in Sharm El Sheikh
In Sharm El Sheikh, the states have agreed on a new “Loss and Damage” fund. Additionally, an agreement has been reached on a process for the urgent mitigation of greenhouse gases before 2030, as initiated at COP 26. Furthermore, progress has been made on global adaptation goals, and an agreement has been made to double the funding for adaptation.
Friedrich Bohn berichtet von der COP
Im Scientists for Future Podcast spricht Friedrich Bohn unter anderem über die Glasgow Forrest Declaration, den Amazonas, die deutschen Wälder, Rohstoffe aus dem Wald, und die Rolle des Waldes für das Klima – kurz gesagt, den Wald der Zukunft. Zum Podcast.
Wie lässt sich der Schutz der Wälder organisieren?
Wälder sind in allen politischen Lagern populär. Trotzdem kommt der Schutz der Wälder nur langsam voran. Mittlerweile hat die Wissenschaft allerdings die besten Methoden identifiziert. Nun sind die Politiker:innen am Zug und müssen diese auch implementieren. Zum Artikel.
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UNFCCC
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UNFCCC
Rico Löb - Adobe Stock
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Rico Löb - Adobe Stock
Rico Löb - Adobe Stock
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Rico Löb - Adobe Stock
Thinking globally, acting locally
No country in the world can stop climate change on its own. But global solutions worked out in international negotiations often take a long time, perhaps too long to effectively help the climate. As Nobel laureate Elinor Ostrom said, we can’t wait for that. What we need instead is efforts at different levels. And not only the climate would benefit. Read more.
"Die COP 27 ist mehr als nur ein Zwischengipfel"
Der am Sonntag beginnende Klimagipfel im ägyptischen Scharm el-Scheich wird angesichts der Weltlage nun doch zu einem bedeutenden Ereignis, sagt Prof. Reimund Schwarze vom UFZ. So wie in den vergangenen Jahren ist der Klimaökonom auch 2022 als Beobachter vor Ort. Im folgenden Interview analysiert er die Ausgangslage. Zum Interview.
Prof. Dr. Reimund Schwarze
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UFZ
Prof. Dr. Reimund Schwarze
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UFZ
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adobe.stock.com - olyasolodenko
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adobe.stock.com - olyasolodenko
Worauf es beim Klimagipfel in Scharm el-Scheich ankommt
Die Klimakrise verursacht immer größere Schäden. Das wollen die Entwicklungsländer zum Schwerpunkt der UN-Klimakonferenz machen. Die Industriestaaten hingegen wollen über die Senkung der Emissionen diskutieren. Dieser Streit könnte wertvolle Zeit kosten. Zum Artikel.
